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TromboGen Gravidity®
Reveals the risk of pregnancy complications
The TromboGen Gravidity® genetic analysis can detect risk predispositions for increased blood clotting, which can significantly contribute to reducing the risk of thrombosis and related pregnancy complications. Pregnant women are at risk of developing thrombosis, or a blood clot, much more than other women of the same age. This is due to the physiological changes that occur during pregnancy and possible hereditary dispositions.
In which situations it is appropriate to take the test
PREVIOUS THROMBOSIS
You or a family member had a thrombosis in the past.
FAMILY MEDICAL HISTORY
Family history of thrombophilic mutation.
PREVIOUS COMPLICATIONS
Miscarriages or complications during pregnancy or childbirth.
INFERTILITY
You are unable to get pregnant or have had a miscarriage.
ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION
You are planning or have already undergone artificial insemination.
MULTIPLE PREGNANCY
If you are pregnant with multiples, your risk of thrombosis is slightly higher.
PUBLIC HEALTH INSURANCE COVERS THE TEST IN THE FOLLOWING SITUATIONS
- For women who have had 3 spontaneous abortions in the first trimester of pregnancy, or for any fetal loss later in pregnancy.
- For pregnant women if they have had TED or if a first-degree blood relative has had TED.
- For pregnant women in the case of pre-eclampsia, fetal growth retardation or placental abruption.
- For patients with a personal history of idiopathic thromboembolic disease (TED).
- Before starting hormonal contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy in women who have had TED or if any of their first-degree blood relatives have had TED.
- In the presence of Leiden or prothrombin mutations in first-degree relatives (testing of children is performed after the age of 12 years, in exceptional cases earlier).
DETAILED INFORMATION
Pregnant women have up to 5 times higher risk of developing deep vein thrombosis compared to non-pregnant women (up to 20 times higher in the puerperium). This is mainly due to:
- Physiological changes - blood flow in the veins slows down, there may be compression of the venous wall in the pelvic area by the growing uterus.
- Increased blood clotting - there is an increase in pro-clotting factors and suppression of anti-clotting mechanisms (the body prepares the woman for childbirth,
which could put her at risk of blood loss). - Inherited factors - the so-called congenital thrombophilias (Leiden mutation of the F5 gene and prothrombin mutation of the F2 gene) occur in 5-10% of the population.
In pregnancy, thrombophilic mutations pose an increased risk of spontaneous abortion, premature placental abruption, fetal growth retardation (IUGR), and other complications. The TromboGen Gravidity® genetic analysis can screen for risk thrombophilic mutations that are involved in blood clotting and can make a significant contribution to preventing venous thrombosis and minimizing potential complications for you and your unborn baby.
The TromboGen Gravidity® genetic analysis detects thrombophilic mutations (Leiden mutation of the F5 gene and prothrombin mutation G20210A of the F2 gene), including examination of the M2 haplotype of the ANXA5 gene. Mutation of the F5 or F2 gene puts pregnant women at increased risk of complications, especially spontaneous abortion, premature placental abruption, fetal growth retardation and venous thrombosis. The M2 haplotype of the ANXA5 gene prevents blood clots, especially in the placenta, and mutations in the ANXA5 gene can lead to complications in pregnancy, such as spontaneous abortion, pre-eclampsia, low birth weight, venous thrombosis and others. If a genetic predisposition is proven in a pregnant woman, she is recommended appropriate prevention and regular monitoring during pregnancy.
You will receive the result within 10 working days.
HOW DOES THE WHOLE PROCESS WORK?
After ordering the test, you will receive an email with detailed information. A DNA sample is most often obtained through an oral swab or blood sample. You can perform the oral swab yourself in the comfort of your own home using a collection kit which will be sent to you by mail together with instructions and other documents. You can have your blood drawn at your local physician's office or at our outpatient clinic. The result of the analysis will be sent to you by e-mail or by post as agreed. In the case of a positive result, we recommend an appointment for a genetic consultation.
1.
Ordering
Choose a specific test or make an appointment for a genetic consultation.2.
Sampling
A sample of your DNA is most often obtained through an oral swab or blood sample.3.
Analysis
Our team of experienced professionals will analyse the sample using the latest methods and technologies.4.
RESULT
After the test has been evaluated, you will receive a detailed and easy-to-understand laboratory report, or a consultation with a clinical geneticist will be recommended.Frequently Asked Questions
The time required for the laboratory examination (sample analysis) and the delivery date of the result vary according to the type and complexity of the examination. Usually it is in the order of weeks, for complex tests up to several months. The delivery date of the result is indicated in the details of each test on our website. In urgent situations, e.g. for a woman with a newly diagnosed breast or ovarian tumour before surgery, the oncopanel cancer test is performed in STATIM mode and the result is available within 3-4 weeks, whereas in normal mode it takes up to 6 months.
Health insurance always covers genetic consultations recommended by the attending physician (usually a general practitioner, paediatrician, oncologist, gynaecologist or other specialist). During the consultation, a clinical geneticist will assess whether the indication criteria for testing for the predisposition genes are met; if so, the entire genetic test, including laboratory analysis of the sample and subsequent consultation with the geneticist/doctor, is covered by health insurance. If the criteria for the genetic testing are not met, the patient can pay for the selected/recommended test as a self-payment.
After making an appointment, you will come to our office where you will first fill out a personal and family history questionnaire, or you can download it from here on our website and fill it out in advance, in the comfort of your own home. Remember to bring it with you afterwards. This is followed by a consultation with a doctor who will compile your three-generation family tree and decide on the indication for laboratory genetic testing. We also recommend that you bring medical reports from recent important examinations.
Recommendation - a referral from the doctor who recommended the genetic consultation. Alternatively, a completed genetic family and personal history questionnaire, which can be downloaded here. However, the questionnaire can also be completed after you arrive at our office. Medical reports from previous examinations related to the requested genetic test. It is not necessary to be fasting for the genetic examination, so you can easily make an appointment in the afternoon.
It has been reported that approximately 5-10% of cancers are caused by inborn changes in certain genes. One of the main goals of predictive genetic testing is the early identification of people at risk. If risk predispositions (gene mutations) are detected, preventive follow-up at specialised centres is recommended, where possible cancers are detected early and the chances of successful treatment are increased. In the case of high-risk mutations, preventive surgery may be recommended to make the risk of cancer in a given organ virtually impossible (for example, removal of the breast glands or removal of the uterus and ovary in BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers).
If your first-degree relative (parents, siblings, children) develops colon cancer before the age of 45, your risk of developing this cancer is 5 times higher. If you have three first-degree relatives, your risk can be as high as 50%. In families with a history of recurrent bowel cancer or with a history of bowel cancer at a young age, it could be hereditary cancer syndrome (Lynch syndrome). In such cases, genetic consultation is recommended.